{"id":5766,"date":"2025-06-26T22:56:49","date_gmt":"2025-06-26T19:56:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.imece-der.com\/?p=5766"},"modified":"2025-06-26T23:43:52","modified_gmt":"2025-06-26T20:43:52","slug":"26-haziran-iskence-gorenlerle-dayanisma-gununde-ortak-ses-iskence-insanlik-sucudur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.imece-der.com\/?p=5766","title":{"rendered":"“26 Haziran \u0130\u015fkence G\u00f6renlerle Dayan\u0131\u015fma G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019nde Ortak Ses: \u201c\u0130\u015fkence \u0130nsanl\u0131k Su\u00e7udur!\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

“26 Haziran \u0130\u015fkence G\u00f6renlerle Dayan\u0131\u015fma G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019nde Ortak Ses: \u201c\u0130\u015fkence \u0130nsanl\u0131k Su\u00e7udur!\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cBirle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler (BM) \u0130\u015fkence ve Di\u011fer Zalimane, \u0130nsanl\u0131k D\u0131\u015f\u0131 ya da Onur K\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 Muamele ya da Cezaya Kar\u015f\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fme\u201d 26 Haziran 1987 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi. BM, 1997 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu tarihi \u201c\u0130\u015fkence G\u00f6renlerle Dayan\u0131\u015fma G\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d olarak ilan etti.<\/p>\n

Bu anlaml\u0131 g\u00fcnde \u0130zmir\u2019de bir araya gelen hak ve dayan\u0131\u015fma \u00f6rg\u00fctleri, T\u00fcrkan Saylan K\u00fclt\u00fcr Merkezi \u00f6n\u00fcnde ortak bir bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. Eylem boyunca \u201c\u00c7\u0131plak arama i\u015fkencedir\u201d, \u201c\u0130\u015fkence insanl\u0131k su\u00e7udur\u201d, \u201c\u0130nsanl\u0131k onuru i\u015fkenceyi yenecek\u201d sloganlar\u0131 at\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kurumlar ad\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131klamay\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Vakf\u0131 Genel Sekreteri Co\u015fkun \u00dcsterci okudu. A\u00e7\u0131klaman\u0131n tam metni \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n

“K\u00fcresel \u0130nsani Krize, Otoriterle\u015fmeye ve Sava\u015f Tehditlerine Kar\u015f\u0131 \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 De\u011ferlerine Sahip \u00c7\u0131k\u0131yor, \u0130\u015fkenceye Hay\u0131r Diyoruz!<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fkencesiz Bir D\u00fcnya M\u00fcmk\u00fcn!<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c26 Haziran \u0130\u015fkence G\u00f6renlerle Dayan\u0131\u015fma G\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada insan haklar\u0131 savunucular\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6zel ve \u00f6nemli bir g\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u201cBirle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler (BM) \u0130\u015fkence ve Di\u011fer Zalimane, \u0130nsanl\u0131k D\u0131\u015f\u0131 ya da Onur K\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 Muamele ya da Cezaya Kar\u015f\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fme\u201d 26 Haziran 1987 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. BM, 1997 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu g\u00fcn\u00fc \u201c\u0130\u015fkence G\u00f6renlerle Dayan\u0131\u015fma G\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d olarak ilan etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de alt\u0131na imza att\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu S\u00f6zle\u015fme, insan\u0131n sahip oldu\u011fu onur ve de\u011feri korumak i\u00e7in i\u015fkenceyi mutlak olarak yasaklar. \u0130nsanl\u0131k ailesinin ortak kazan\u0131m\u0131 olan ve modern insan haklar\u0131 hukukunun en temel kurallar\u0131ndan birini olu\u015fturan bu yasak, normlar hiyerar\u015fisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00fcst\u00fcn (buyruk) kural niteli\u011findedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hi\u00e7bir ko\u015fulda istisnas\u0131 olamaz.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6zle\u015fmenin 2. maddesinin 2. paragraf\u0131nda bu durum \u015f\u00f6yle ifade edilir: \u201cHi\u00e7bir istisnai durum, ne harp h\u00e2li ne de bir harp tehdidi, d\u00e2hili siyas\u00ee istikrars\u0131zl\u0131k veya herhangi ba\u015fka bir ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2l, i\u015fkencenin uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterilemez\u201d.<\/p>\n

Bu a\u00e7\u0131k ve net belirlemeye kar\u015f\u0131n i\u015fkence, h\u00e2len d\u00fcnyan\u0131n pek \u00e7ok \u00fclkesinde devletler taraf\u0131ndan toplumlara kar\u015f\u0131 insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir cezaland\u0131rma ve y\u0131ld\u0131rma arac\u0131 olarak giderek artan bi\u00e7imde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda tesis edildi\u011fi bi\u00e7imiyle k\u00fcresel insan haklar\u0131 rejimini ayakta tutan siyasi iradenin h\u0131zla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ko\u015fullarda, ba\u015fta Ortado\u011fu olmak \u00fczere, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir \u00e7ok b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fanan insani kriz ve sava\u015flar, bu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclme s\u00fcrecinin varaca\u011f\u0131\/vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktay\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye \u201c\u0130\u015fkenceye Kar\u015f\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fme\u201dyi 1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda kabul etmi\u015f, Anayasa ve Ceza Kanunu\u2019nda i\u015fkenceyi yasaklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Maalesef \u00fclkemizde de i\u015fkence ve di\u011fer k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele sadece askeri darbeler d\u00f6neminde de\u011fil t\u00fcm cumhuriyet tarihi boyunca sistematik bir devlet prati\u011fi olarak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumu\u015ftur. Ancak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, insan haklar\u0131 ve demokrasi de\u011ferlerini hem bir referans hem de denge ve denetleme sistemi olmaktan \u00e7\u0131karan, yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurals\u0131zl\u0131k, keyfilik ve belirsizlik rejimi ile toplum \u00fczerinde bask\u0131 ve kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha da artt\u0131ran siyasal iktidar\u0131n icraatlar\u0131 sonucunda t\u00fcm \u00fclke adeta i\u015fkence mek\u00e2n\u0131 haline gelmi\u015ftir<\/p>\n

Bu a\u00e7\u0131klaman\u0131n ekinde payla\u015f\u0131lan veriler, mutlak yasa\u011fa ve insanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 bir su\u00e7 olma vasf\u0131na ra\u011fmen i\u015fkencenin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin en ba\u015fat insan haklar\u0131 sorunu oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Artan otoriterle\u015fme ile orant\u0131l\u0131 olarak, devlet erkinin \u00e7e\u015fitli kademelerinde yayg\u0131nla\u015fan yasa, kural ve norm denetiminden ka\u00e7\u0131nma, keyfilik, bilin\u00e7li ihmal gibi sebeplerle usul g\u00fcvencelerinin ihlal edilmesi, g\u00f6zalt\u0131 s\u00fcrelerinin uzunlu\u011fu, izleme ve \u00f6nleme mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flevsiz k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 ya da ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z izleme ve \u00f6nlemenin hi\u00e7 olmamas\u0131, en yetkili a\u011f\u0131zlardan yap\u0131lan i\u015fkenceyi bizzat te\u015fvik edici s\u00f6ylemler, k\u00f6kl\u00fc cezas\u0131zl\u0131k k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc vb. sonucunda, resmi g\u00f6zalt\u0131 merkezlerinde i\u015fkence ve di\u011fer k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele uygulamalar\u0131 t\u00fcm vehameti ile devam etmektedir. \u00d6zellikle 15 \u015eubat 2025 tarihinde Van B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi\u2019ne kayy\u0131m atanmas\u0131na, 19 Mart 2025 tarihinde ise \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediye Ba\u015fkan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131p tutuklanmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik protestolar s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve sonras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan g\u00f6zalt\u0131larda yak\u0131nlar\u0131na, avukata ve hekime eri\u015fimde k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131l\u0131k, hakim \u00f6n\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmakta gecikme, g\u00f6zalt\u0131 s\u00fcresini keyfi bir \u015fekilde azami s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na kadar uzatma vb. hukuki g\u00fcvencelerde ya\u015fanan ihlaller bu hakikatin son \u00f6rne\u011fi olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Kolluk g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l toplanma ve g\u00f6sterilere m\u00fcdahalesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, sokak ve a\u00e7\u0131k alanlarda ya da ev ve i\u015f yeri gibi mek\u00e2nlarda, yani resmi olmayan g\u00f6zalt\u0131 yerlerinde ve g\u00f6zalt\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ortamlarda ya\u015fanan i\u015fkence ve di\u011fer k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele uygulamalar\u0131 daha \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nemlerde g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen bir boyuta varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kolluk g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin, evrensel hukukta ve \u00fclke yasalar\u0131nda tan\u0131mlanan zor kullanma yetkisinin \u00e7ok \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7en, kural d\u0131\u015f\u0131, denetlenmeyen, cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmayan, siyasal iktidar taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6rmezden gelinen, hatta te\u015fvik edilen bu \u015fiddeti, s\u0131radanla\u015fm\u0131\u015f, g\u00fcndelik ya\u015fam\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Y\u0131l boyunca, demokratik bir toplumun temelini olu\u015fturan ve Anayasa taraf\u0131ndan da teminat alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olan toplanma ve g\u00f6steri yapma \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini kullanmak isteyen kad\u0131nlar, LGBT\u0130+\u2019lar, i\u015f\u00e7iler, \u00f6\u011frenciler, ya\u015fam savunucular\u0131, gasp edilen iradelerine sahip \u00e7\u0131kmak isteyen se\u00e7menler, siyasi partilerin, meslek \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin \u00fcye ve y\u00f6neticileri, insan haklar\u0131 savunucular\u0131, farkl\u0131 dini cemaat ve gruplar, m\u00fclteci ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar bu zalimane kolluk \u015fiddetine maruz kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle son d\u00f6nemde, 15 \u015eubat ve 19 Mart protestolar\u0131na m\u00fcdahaleler s\u0131ras\u0131nda kolluk g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin \u015fiddeti endi\u015fe verici yeni bir boyut kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7ok say\u0131da ki\u015fi yaralanm\u0131\u015f, i\u015fkence ve di\u011fer k\u00f6t\u00fc muameleye maruz kalarak g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yak\u0131n tarihimizin en utan\u00e7 verici insan haklar\u0131 ihlallerinden biri olan, insanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7 niteli\u011findeki zorla kaybetme vakalar\u0131nda OHAL\u2019in ilan edildi\u011fi 2016 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana yeniden bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi son derece endi\u015fe vericidir. 6 A\u011fustos 2019 tarihinde ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lan Yusuf Bilge Tun\u00e7 isimli ki\u015finin akibeti hakk\u0131nda hala haber al\u0131namamaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye, \u2018BM B\u00fct\u00fcn Ki\u015filerin Zorla Kaybedilmeden Korunmas\u0131na Dair Uluslararas\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fme\u2019 yi hen\u00fcz onaylamam\u0131\u015f, mevzuat\u0131nda da zorla kaybetmeyi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a su\u00e7 olarak tan\u0131mlamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de hapishaneler, her d\u00f6nem i\u015fkence ve di\u011fer k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011fun olarak ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 mek\u00e2nlar olmu\u015ftur. \u00d6zelliklede 2015 Temmuz\u2019unda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yeniden \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131na girmesiyle ba\u015flayan, ard\u0131ndan OHAL ilan edilmesiyle devam ederek g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze varan s\u00fcre\u00e7te hapishanelerde i\u015fkence ve di\u011fer k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele uygulamalar\u0131nda ileri d\u00fczeyde art\u0131\u015flar ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hapsetmenin do\u011fas\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na ac\u0131 veren travmatik bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. Hapsedilen ki\u015filer ayr\u0131ca bir cezaland\u0131rmaya tabi tutulamaz. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce hapishaneler a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kalabal\u0131kt\u0131r. Her konuda k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131l\u0131k anlam\u0131na gelen bu durum hapishane ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131ca zorla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Yan\u0131 s\u0131ra mahpuslar\u0131n fiziksel ve psikolojik b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fcklerinin ciddi \u015fekilde zarar g\u00f6rmesine neden olan tek ki\u015fi ya da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck grup izolasyonu uygulamalar\u0131 ise i\u015fkence ve di\u011fer k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele niteli\u011finde bir cezaland\u0131rmad\u0131r. Son d\u00f6nemde mimari yap\u0131s\u0131 ve g\u00fcndelik uygulama rejimi ile izolasyon ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 daha da a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131ran S Tipi, Y Tipi ve Y\u00fcksek G\u00fcvenlikli yeni hapishanelerin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, bilhassa da Avrupa \u0130\u015fkencenin ve \u0130nsanl\u0131k D\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya Onur K\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 Ceza veya Muamelenin \u00d6nlenmesi Komitesi\u2019nin (CPT) raporlar\u0131nda da yer verildi\u011fi \u00fczere, \u0130mral\u0131 Hapishanesinde uygulanan izolasyonun \u00f6zel bi\u00e7imi kabul edilemezdir. Yan\u0131 s\u0131ra a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet hapis cezas\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f olan mahpuslar\u0131n bir g\u00fcn sal\u0131verilme ihtimalinin, yani \u201cumut hakk\u0131\u201d n\u0131n olmamas\u0131 insan onuruna ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir durumdur. Bu konuda evrensel ilke, \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu hapis ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olanlar da dahil olmak \u00fczere h\u00fck\u00fcm alm\u0131\u015f t\u00fcm mahpuslar i\u00e7in \u015fartl\u0131 tahliyenin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131d\u0131r. Halen hapishanelerde umut hakk\u0131ndan yararlanamayan en az 4 bin mahpus bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

A\u00e7\u0131klama ekinde yer alan verilerle g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck kazand\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z endi\u015fe verici bu ger\u00e7eklik uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6nleme mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n ve insan haklar\u0131 kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n raporlar\u0131na da yans\u0131maktad\u0131r. Ne var ki, Anayasa ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere hi\u00e7bir kural ve normla kendine s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmak istemeyen siyasal iktidar, uluslararas\u0131 mekanizmalar\u0131, onlar\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ele\u015ftiri ve uyar\u0131lar\u0131 dikkate almamakta, i\u015fkenceyi \u00f6nlemeye y\u00f6nelik iyile\u015ftirmeleri yapmamaktad\u0131r. Aksine, mevzuatta i\u015fkence yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n mutlak niteli\u011fine ayk\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fczenleme ve de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yaparak cezas\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cg\u00fcvence\u201d alt\u0131na almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta, ihlalleri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan insan haklar\u0131 savunucular\u0131na y\u00f6neltti\u011fi tehdit ve tacizlerle i\u015fkenceye kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadeleyi engelleyebilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bu i\u00e7 karart\u0131c\u0131 hakikate ra\u011fmen \u201ci\u015fkence\u201d insan eliyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bir fiil oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, yine insan eliyle \u00f6nlenmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fkenceyi \u00f6nleme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6ncelikle devletlere aittir. Bu nedenle de devletler, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce i\u015fkenceyi bir sindirme arac\u0131 olarak kullanmaktan vazge\u00e7meli, i\u015fkence su\u00e7lar\u0131 etkin bir bi\u00e7imde soru\u015fturmal\u0131 ve cezas\u0131zl\u0131kla m\u00fccadele etmelidirler. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla insan haklar\u0131 savunuculu\u011funun bir gere\u011fi olarak y\u0131llard\u0131r sab\u0131r ve \u0131srarla dile getirdi\u011fimiz bu kapsamdaki asgari talepleri siyasal iktidara bir kez daha hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor ve ivedilikle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesini istiyoruz:<\/p>\n